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© 2026 IJSREM – International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management. This is an open-access journal. Articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Paper ID:IJSREM64407

FRONT SUSPENSION AND HANDLEBAR DESIGN FOR E-THREE WHEELERS: ANALYSIS AND DEVELOPMENT

Stream/Area:

-

Subject:

-

Paper ID:

IJSREM64407

Volume:

10 |

5 |

May 2026

Pages:

1-8

Publication Frequency:

Monthly (12 issues per year)

DOI
Digital Object Identifier
10.55041/IJSREM64407

License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

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Authors

RDK

Rohit Dhanaji Kharade

Mechanical engineering

S. B. Patil College of Engineering Indapur

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ARL

Arti Ramchandra Londhe

Mechanical engineering

S. B. Patil College of Engineering Indapur

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AAC

Avinash Anil Choramale

Mechanical engineering

S. B. Patil College of Engineering Indapur

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Mentors

PJBM

Prof. J. B. Mule

Mechanical engineering

S. B. Patil College of Engineering Indapur

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Abstract

The increasing demand for electric three-wheelers in urban transportation necessitates improvements in ride comfort, stability, and steering ergonomics. This study presents the design and analysis of a front suspension system and handlebar mechanism for an electric three-wheeler vehicle. The work focuses on load distribution, spring-damper design, suspension geometry, and ergonomic optimization of the handlebar. Analytical calculations and structural considerations are used to ensure safety and performance. The proposed design enhances vibration isolation, steering control, and overall vehicle stability while maintaining cost-effectiveness and manufacturability.

KEYWORDS

Electric three-wheeler Front suspension Handlebar design Telescopic fork Vehicle dynamics Ergonomics

Cite This Article

Rohit Dhanaji Kharade, Arti Ramchandra Londhe, Avinash Anil Choramale, Prof. J. B. Mule, "FRONT SUSPENSION AND HANDLEBAR DESIGN FOR E-THREE WHEELERS: ANALYSIS AND DEVELOPMENT," International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 1-8, May 2026. https://doi.org/10.55041/IJSREM64407

Full Article/Conclusion

The working of an oil seal is based on the principle of controlled interference and hydrodynamic sealing between a flexible sealing element and a rotating shaft. It is typically constructed from an elastomeric material (such as nitrile rubber, fluoroelastomer, or silicone) bonded to a rigid metal casing that provides structural strength and ensures proper fitting within the housing. The image shows an oil seal (radial shaft seal), a critical component used in mechanical systems to retain lubricating oil and prevent the entry of contaminants such as dust, water, and debris. The working of an oil seal is based on the principle of controlled interference and hydrodynamic sealing between a flexible sealing element and a rotating shaft. It is typically constructed from an elastomeric material (such as nitrile rubber, fluoroelastomer, or silicone) bonded to a rigid metal casing that provides structural strength and ensures proper fitting within the housing.

References

[1]            Manish Dakhore et al.(2013) discuss about locomotive suspension coil springs, their fundamental stress, distribution, materials characteristic, manufacturing and common failures. [2]            P. Spanoudakis, E. Christenas, N.C. Tsourveloudis, “Design and Structural Analysis of a Front Single-Sided Swingarm for an Electric Three-Wheel Motorcycle,” Applied Sciences, 2020. [3]            J. Park, “Ergonomic Optimization of Handlebar Design Using Human Modeling Software,” International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2020 [4]            R. Mehta, P. Joshi, “Vibration Analysis of Motorcycle Handlebars for Riding Comfort,” Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research, 2021. [5]            Zhang, L. Hybrid Composite Materials for Suspension Arms in Electric Vehicles. Composite Structures,2021. [6]            S. K. Patel, R. Sharma, “Telescopic Suspension System Analysis for Lightweight Electric Scooters,” International Journal of Vehicle Design, 2022 [7]            Deshmukh, T., & Bhosale, A. (2022). CAD and FEA Based Front Suspension Design for Electric Three-Wheelers. Journal of Vehicle Engineering [8]            Patil, S., & More, M. (2022). Front Telescopic Suspension with Ergonomic Handlebar for Electric Scooters. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research [9]            A. Kumar, V. Singh, “Fatigue and Static Analysis of Aluminium Alloy Forks for Electric Two-Wheelers,” Materials Today: Proceedings, 2023. [10] Gupta, N., & Yadav, S. (2023). Dynamic Performance Study of Front Suspension Systems under Varying Speeds. International Journal of Automotive Technology.  

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Publication Date

6/1/2026

Peer Review Type

Double-Blind Peer Review

Review Rounds: 2

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