Gain-Scheduled PI Control of a PV-Fed DC–DC Boost Converter for Ripple-Reduced Battery Charging Under Dynamic Load Conditions

This paper presented the design and MATLAB-based simulation of an adaptive ripple-smoothing controlled DC–DC converter for solar PV battery charging using dynamic load profiling and a gain-scheduled adaptive PI controller. The complete framework — PV source, boost converter, LC filter, adaptive controller, dynamic load, and CC–CV battery model with SOC, internal resistance and polarization dynamics — was implemented and validated end-to-end. Using values taken directly from the simulation log, the system regulates the charging voltage to within 0.48% of the 54.6 V reference, reduces steady-state ripple voltage by 84.32%, and reproduces realistic CC-to-CV battery charging behavior with SOC progressing from 40% to 67.28% over five hours. Future work will focus on extending the proposed controller by developing a continuous adaptive gain scheduling mechanism, improving ripple modelling based on switching-frequency dynamics, validating the proposed approach using hardware-in-the-loop or experimental prototype implementation, and evaluating controller performance under real-time stochastic load profiles and varying environmental conditions.

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