Gut Analysis of Fish Using Silver Nanoparticles

Silver nanoparticles have emerged as promising nanomaterials in aquaculture due to their antimicrobial, antioxidative, and water purification properties. The present study evaluated the effects of silver nanoparticles on fish gut microbiota, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant responses, and intestinal health.      The findings suggest that low concentrations of AgNPs positively influence the growth performance, digestive protease activity, microbial regulation, and immune responses. Beneficial bacterial populations increased, while harmful pathogens decreased under controlled exposure conditions. However, higher concentrations caused microbial dysbiosis, oxidative stress, tissue damage, and physiological disturbances. These observations highlight the importance of concentration-dependent evaluation of silver nanoparticles in aquaculture systems. Overall, silver nanoparticles can be considered effective aquaculture supplements when applied within safe biological limits. Further long-term studies are necessary to evaluate ecological safety, environmental accumulation, and sustainable applications of AgNPs in fish farming systems.

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