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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM41359
Volume:
9 |
2 |
Feb 2025
Pages:
1-4
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Civil Engineering
Ballari Institute of Technology & Management
Civil Engineering
Ballari Institute of Technology & Management
Civil Engineering
Ballari Institute of Technology & Management
Civil Engineering
Ballari Institute of Technology & Management
Land development projects require rigorous financial appraisal before capital is committed, since returns depend simultaneously on land acquisition cost, statutory approval expenses, infrastructure development cost, financing cost and prevailing market sale rates. This paper presents a financial feasibility study of a proposed industrial layout located at Ballari (Rural) taluk, Karnataka, developed over a total extent of 12.88 acres. A detailed engineering cost estimate was prepared for road works, RCC drains, compound wall, water supply, park development, electrical works and other allied infrastructure in accordance with the Karnataka Public Works Department Schedule of Rates (PWD DSR 2022). Revenue was estimated using a site-wise plot classification (corner sites, road-facing sites and odd-shaped sites) and prevailing per-square-foot sale rates. The total estimated development cost was found to be ₹7,47,67,331.44, against a land purchase cost of ₹10,80,00,000.00, statutory government fee of ₹3,99,70,710.00 and financing (interest) cost of ₹3,84,26,976.00, while the total projected income from plot sales is ₹32,02,24,800.00. The analysis indicates a net profit of approximately ₹5.91 crore, confirming that the proposed layout is financially viable, subject to prevailing market conditions, regulatory approvals and construction-phase risk factors.
KEYWORDS
Based on the detailed engineering cost estimate and site-wise revenue analysis carried out for the proposed 12.88-acre industrial layout at Ballari, Karnataka, the following conclusions are drawn: • The total development cost of the layout, comprising road work, RCC drains, compound wall, water supply, park development, electrical works and allied infrastructure, is estimated at ₹7,47,67,331.44. • The projected total income from the sale of 105 plots (corner, road-facing and odd-shaped sites) covering 2,04,978 ft² of saleable area is ₹32,02,24,800.00. • After accounting for land purchase cost (₹10,80,00,000.00), government fee (₹3,99,70,710.00) and interest cost (₹3,84,26,976.00), the project yields a net profit of ₹5,90,59,782.56, equivalent to a return of about 22.6% on total outlay. • The proposed land-use distribution (44.20% residential, 15% park and open space, 10% civic amenities and 30.8% roads) satisfies the minimum statutory requirements prescribed for layout development in Karnataka. • The study confirms that the project is financially feasible under the assumed cost and revenue assumptions; however, sensitivity to market fluctuations, construction cost escalation and regulatory approval timelines should be considered in subsequent investment decisions.
[1] Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERA). New Delhi, India: Government of India, 2016. [2] Public Works Department, Government of Karnataka, Karnataka PWD Schedule of Rates (DSR) 2022. Bengaluru, India: PWD, 2022. [3] Bureau of Indian Standards, IS 383:2016, Coarse and Fine Aggregate for Concrete — Specification. New Delhi, India: BIS, 2016. [4] Bureau of Indian Standards, IS 2185 (Part 1):2005, Concrete Masonry Units — Specification, Part 1: Hollow and Solid Concrete Blocks. New Delhi, India: BIS, 2005. [5] Bureau of Indian Standards, IS 2572:2005, Code of Practice for Construction of Hollow and Solid Concrete Block Masonry. New Delhi, India: BIS, 2005. [6] ASTM International, ASTM C33/C33M-18, Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates. West Conshohocken, PA, USA: ASTM International, 2018. [7] M. E. Miles, G. L. Berens, M. J. Eppli, and M. A. Weiss, Real Estate Development: Principles and Process, 4th ed. Washington, DC, USA: Urban Land Institute, 2007. [8] R. B. Peiser and D. Hamilton, Professional Real Estate Development: The ULI Guide to the Business, 3rd ed. Washington, DC, USA: Urban Land Institute, 2012. [9] Bruhati Urban Development Authority (BUDA), Karnataka, “Procedure for layout approval and non-agricultural (NA) land conversion,” Government of Karnataka, 2023. [10] Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Standards for Accessible Design, U.S. Department of Justice, 2010.
Publication Date
2/25/2025
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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