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ArticlePeer ReviewedOpen AccessPlagiarism Passed
Paper ID:10.55041/IJSREM.RACCES087

HUMAN IN THE LOOP CYBER DEFENSE SYSTEM

Stream/Area:

-

Subject:

-

Paper ID:

10.55041/IJSREM.RACCES087

Volume:

10 |

4 |

April 2026

Pages:

1-5

Publication Frequency:

Monthly (12 issues per year)

DOI
Digital Object Identifier
10.55041/ijsrem.RACCES087

License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

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Authors

AP

Anitha P

Computer Science & Engineering

Bharathiyar Institute of Engineering for women (Autonomous) Salem, TamilNadu, India

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HDE

Hema Dharshini E

Computer Science & Engineering

Bharathiyar Institute of Engineering for women (Autonomous) Salem, TamilNadu, India

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KS

Kiruthika S

Computer Science & Engineering

Bharathiyar Institute of Engineering for women (Autonomous) Salem, TamilNadu, India

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HS

Harini S

Computer Science & Engineering

Bharathiyar Institute of Engineering for women (Autonomous) Salem, TamilNadu, India

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Mentors

MM

Maragathamani M

Computer Science & Engineering

Bharathiyar Institute of Engineering for women (Autonomous) Salem, TamilNadu, India

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Abstract

THE INCREASING SOPHISTICATION OF CYBER ATTACKS HAS EXPOSED THE LIMITATIONS OF FULLY AUTOMATED CYBERSECURITY DEFENSE MECHANISMS. WHILE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ENABLES RAPID THREAT DETECTION, IT LACKS CONTEXTUAL REASONING AND MAY GENERATE EXCESSIVE FALSE POSITIVES. CONVERSELY, PURELY MANUAL MONITORING SYSTEMS ARE ACCURATE BUT INEFFICIENT AND SLOW. THIS PAPER PROPOSES A HUMAN IN THE LOOP CYBER DEFENSE SYSTEM THAT INTEGRATES MACHINE LEARNING BASED ANOMALY DETECTION WITH STRUCTURED HUMAN VALIDATION TO ENHANCE DETECTION ACCURACY, ADAPTABILITY, AND TRUSTWORTHINESS. THE PROPOSED FRAMEWORK INTRODUCES A HUMAN DECISION LAYER WITHIN THE AUTOMATED DETECTION PIPELINE. HIGH RISK ALERTS ARE FORWARDED TO SECURITY ANALYSTS FOR CONTEXTUAL VERIFICATION BEFORE MITIGATION ACTIONS ARE EXECUTED. ANALYST FEEDBACK IS INCORPORATED INTO MODEL RETRAINING, ENABLING ADAPTIVE LEARNING. EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS DEMONSTRATES IMPROVED PRECISION, REDUCED FALSE POSITIVE RATES, AND ENHANCED RELIABILITY COMPARED TO FULLY AUTOMATED SYSTEMS. THE FRAMEWORK IS SUITABLE FOR CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES, ENTERPRISE ENVIRONMENTS, AND CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEMS REQUIRING TRUSTWORTHY DEFENSE MECHANISMS.

KEYWORDS

KEYWORDS—HUMAN IN THE LOOP CYBERSECURITY INTRUSION DETECTION MACHINE LEARNING ADAPTIVE DEFENSE ANOMALY DETECTION

Cite This Article

Anitha P, Hema Dharshini E, Kiruthika S, Harini S, Maragathamani M, "HUMAN IN THE LOOP CYBER DEFENSE SYSTEM," International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 1-5, April 2026. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem.RACCES087

Full Article/Conclusion

This paper presented a Human in the Loop Cyber Defense System that integrates machine learning-based threat detection with human expert validation to enhance cybersecurity effectiveness. The proposed framework addresses the limitations of both fully automated and manual systems by combining the speed and scalability of machine intelligence with the contextual reasoning and judgment of human analysts. By introducing a structured human validation layer and a feedback-driven learning mechanism, the system significantly reduces false positives and improves detection accuracy. The adaptive nature of the framework enables continuous improvement based on analyst feedback, making it suitable for dynamic and evolving cyber threat environments. Experimental analysis demonstrates that the proposed approach achieves better precision, reliability, and trustworthiness compared to traditional automated systems. The system is particularly effective in critical domains such as financial systems, healthcare networks, and enterprise security operations where accurate decision-making is essential. Overall, the Human in the Loop Cyber Defense System provides a scalable, intelligent, and practical solution for modern cybersecurity challenges, paving the way for more reliable and adaptive defense mechanisms in future digital ecosystem.

References

  [1] G. Creech and J. Hu, “A semantic approach to host-based intrusion detection systems using contiguous and discontiguous system call patterns,” IEEE Transactions on Computers, vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 807–819, Apr. 2014. [2] M. Sommer and V. Paxson, “Outside the closed world: On using machine learning for network intrusion detection,” in Proc. IEEE Symp. Security and Privacy, 2010, pp. 305–316.        [3] S. Axelsson, “The base-rate fallacy and its implications for intrusion detection,” in Proc. ACM Conf. Computer and Communications Security, 1999, pp. 1–7.       [4] N. Moustafa and J. Slay, “The evaluation of network anomaly detection systems: Statistical analysis of the UNSW-NB15 dataset,” Information Security Journal, vol. 25, no. 1–3, pp. 18–31, 2016.       [5] A. L. Buczak and E. Guven, “A survey of data mining and machine learning methods for cyber security intrusion detection,” IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 1153–1176, 2016.       [6] I. Goodfellow, Y. Bengio, and A. Courville, Deep Learning. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2016. [7] N. Hubballi and V. Suryanarayanan, “False alarm minimization techniques in signature-based intrusion detection systems: A survey,” Computer Communications, vol. 49, pp. 1–17, 2014. [8] R. Mitchell, I. R. Chen, and J. Cho, “Trust-based intrusion detection in cyber-physical systems,” IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 214–227, 2016. [9] P. Garcia-Teodoro, J. Diaz-Verdejo, G. Macia-Fernandez, and E. Vazquez, “Anomaly-based network intrusion detection: Techniques, systems and challenges,” Computers & Security, vol. 28, no. 1–2, pp. 18–28, 2009. [10] J. Kim, J. Kim, H. L. T. Thu, and H. Kim, “Long short term memory recurrent neural network classifier for intrusion detection,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Platform Technology and Service (PlatCon), 2016.

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Publication Date

5/1/2026

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Double-Blind Peer Review

Review Rounds: 2

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