HYBRID PIEZO-MAGNETIC ENERGY HARVESTING SYSTEM FOR FOOTSTEP POWER GENERATION

The Hybrid Piezo-Magnetic Energy Harvesting System was successfully designed and implemented to convert mechanical energy generated from human footsteps into usable electrical energy. The system combines eight piezoelectric discs of 27 mm diameter and two electromagnetic coils with 100 turns each to improve overall energy harvesting efficiency. The hybrid configuration effectively combines the high-voltage output characteristics of piezoelectric harvesting with the higher current generation capability of electromagnetic harvesting. Experimental results demonstrated that the system generated 3.2 V under light press conditions, 5.1 V during normal step conditions, and 7.2 V under full body weight conditions. The maximum output current achieved was 35 mA with power output reaching 252 mW. Comparative analysis showed that the hybrid system performs significantly better than standalone piezoelectric and electromagnetic harvesting methods. The harvested energy can be stored in a rechargeable battery and utilized for low-power applications such as LED lighting, LCD monitoring, and embedded sensor systems. This system provides a cost-effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly solution for renewable energy generation in high-footfall locations such as railway stations, shopping malls, public walkways, and smart city infrastructures. Future improvements may include increasing the number of piezoelectric discs, optimizing coil design, enhancing battery storage efficiency, and integrating IoT-based wireless monitoring for smart energy management.

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