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ArticlePeer ReviewedOpen AccessPlagiarism Passed
Paper ID:IJSREM63209

Hybrid SMS and Email Fraud Detection using Machine Learning (Naïve Bayes + SVM)

Stream/Area:

-

Subject:

-

Paper ID:

IJSREM63209

Volume:

10 |

5 |

May 2026

Pages:

1-5

Publication Frequency:

Monthly (12 issues per year)

DOI
Digital Object Identifier
Not assigned

License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

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Authors

AS

Ananya Singh

Department of Information Technology

Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology

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Mentors

MJ

Mini Jain

Department of Information Technology

Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology

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Abstract

Owing to its alarming volume, spam and fraud messages sent through SMS and e- mail have been among the most predominant threats faced to cyber security in recent years. Bad guys send out spam containing malicious content for phishing, financial fraud, identity theft, and malware distribution. Traditional spam filters and rule-based systems don't work well at adapting to changing spam strategies. In this paper, the author puts forward a hybrid detection model, which integrates Naïve Bayes and Support Vector Machines (SVM) together with Term Frequency- Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) vectorization. Naïve Bayes provides fast classification and SVM provides high dimensional feature space separation. The proposed model has better accuracy, lower false positive rate than single algorithm models. The results of the experiments performed on the SMS Spam Collection and Enron Email Dataset give an accuracy value of ~97% with the hybrid approach, significantly improving precision and recall. The paper presents the preprocessing pipelines, evaluate metrics, real world applications and challenges for large scale deployment.

KEYWORDS

Keywords: EFL classrooms Spam Detection Email Fraud Naïve Bayes SVM Machine Learning Cybersecurity Hybrid Models

Cite This Article

Ananya Singh, Mini Jain, "Hybrid SMS and Email Fraud Detection using Machine Learning (Naïve Bayes + SVM)," International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 1-5, May 2026.

Full Article/Conclusion

The fake email detection system developed in this project demonstrates how machine learning can effectively help in identifying phishing and fraudulent emails. Through proper preprocessing, feature extraction, and model training, the system achieved reliable performance in detecting malicious emails. The project also showed how automated detection can reduce human effort and improve email security. At the same time, the study highlights the need for continuous improvement, as cyber attackers constantly develop new techniques to bypass security systems. Although the current model provides a strong foundation, integrating advanced algorithms and adaptive learning methods will be important for long- term effectiveness. Overall, this project offers a practical and scalable approach to improving digital communication security.

References

1.           Aaron Afan Izang, Oluwabukola F. Ajayi, Omolayo Junaid, Bonaventure Nwigwe, Princewill Onyekachi Onyeka, “Design and Evaluation of Student a Peer-to-Peer Lending Platform to Mitigate Information Asymmetry and Credit Risk”, International Information and Engineering Technology Association, Vol. 29, No. 3, June 2024, pp. 885- 894   2.           Reni Sulastri, Marijn Janssen, “Challenges inclusive in designing Peer-to-peer an (P2P) lending system”, Delft University of Technology, July 2023   3.           Xinyuan Wei, Jun-ya Gotoh and Stan Uryasev, “Peer-To-Peer Lending: Classification in the Loan Application Process”, November 2018 Risks,   4.           Kusumawati, Hanafi, “Peer-to-peer lending: An analytical review of research trends prospects”, and future Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, Vol. 8, No. 6, 2024   5.           Nisha Arora, Pankaj Deep Kaur, “Case-based reasoning induced optimized investment decision model for retail investors in peer-to peer lending Engineering platforms”, Applications         of Artificial Intelligence, Volume 173, June 2026, 114376   6.           Lyne Imene Souadda, Ahmed Rami Halitim, Billel Benilles, Jose Manuel Oliveira,         Patrícia Ramos, “Optimizing Credit Risk Prediction for  Peer-to-Peer  Lending  Using Machine            Learning”,      Forecasting 2025   7.      Gurusigaamani                        Ayyanar Muthulingam, Dinesh Karthik M, Aathi Seshan P, Ganesh Aditya R S, Vijaya Nivas M, “Design and Implementation of a Trust-Based Peer-to-Peer Lending Platform for Hyperlocal Academic Communities”, IEEE, September 2025   8.      Ashwitha C Thomas, Tanzila Nargis, Abhijith Hegde, Abhishek, Bhumika Shetty, Harsh Bhardwaj, “Peer to Peer Money Lending Using Blockchain”, IEEE, February 2025

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Publication Date

5/14/2026

Peer Review Type

Double-Blind Peer Review

Review Rounds: 2

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