Implementation of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Based on Solar PV-Battery and Diesel Generator

In this study, a grid-based EV charging station (CS), a solar PV (Photovoltaic) array, a battery energy storage system, a diesel generator set, and a battery are used to enable continuous charging in islanded, grid-connected, and DG set connected modes. The main purpose of the charging station is to charge the electric vehicle (EV) battery using a BES and a solar photovoltaic PV array. However, the charging station intelligently uses electricity from the grid or a DG (Diesel Generator) set if the storage battery is empty and the solar PV array generation is not available. However, the power from DG sets is drawn in such a way that, in order to achieve optimal fuel economy under all loading conditions, it always operates at 80–85% loading. Additionally, the charging station controls the generator’s voltage and frequency in conjunction with the storage battery without the use of a mechanical speed governor. Additionally, it makes sure that even under nonlinear loads, the power drawn from the grid or DG set is at unity power factor (UPF). In order to achieve continuous charging, the PCC (Point of Common Coupling) voltage is also synced to the grid/generator voltage. To improve the charging station’s operational efficiency, the charging station also performs active/reactive power transfers from vehicles to the grid, homes, and other vehicles. Using the lab-developed prototype, the charging station’s functionality is experimentally tested.