Inductive vs. Deductive Research Methods: A Comprehensive Methodological Guide for Bachelor’s and Master’s Theses

In this review, both inductive and deductive research approaches are examined in detail, highlighting how they serve the needs of academic thesis writing and assist scholars lacking research experience at various stages of higher education. Focusing specifically on social science, business, and educational research, this paper offers a systematic comparison of the hypothetico-deductive model of deductive research with the theory-building model of inductive research. Through integration of existing academic literature, common methodological misunderstandings, and specific examples from published research, this guide helps nascent researchers make sense of their research design decisions. Furthermore, the conversation reaches mixed methods as a ‘gateway’ or synthetic form of integration between qualitative depth and quantitative generalizability. This article, in Harvard referencing style, can serve as a starting point or structured reference for students preparing their theses and for academic supervisors evaluating the methodology.