IoT based Smart Irrigation System

This paper presented the design and prototype implementation of an IoT and cloud-based smart irrigation system that automatically waters crops based on real-time soil moisture, temperature and humidity readings, while providing remote monitoring through a cloud dashboard. Experimental testing on a prototype demonstrated that the system responds correctly to changing soil conditions and can reduce water consumption by nearly 46% compared with manual irrigation, in line with results reported in the existing literature. Because the system is built from low-cost, readily available components, it represents an accessible and scalable pathway toward precision, water-efficient agriculture. Future enhancements incorporating weather forecasting, machine-learning-based scheduling and long-range communication technologies can further improve the efficiency, reach and intelligence of the system.

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