IOT-BASED SOLAR SURVEILLANCE ROBOT FOR AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION

Agricultural fields and rural areas frequently suffer from wildlife intrusions, leading to significant crop damage and economic loss for farmers. Traditional deterrent methods such as fencing, manual monitoring, and chemical repellents are often inefficient, labour-intensive, and not environmentally sustainable. To address these challenges, this project presents the design and development of an Autonomous Wildlife Deterrent System that is both non-lethal and intelligent. The proposed system integrates a four-directional laser–LDR perimeter detection mechanism to continuously monitor intrusion across North, East, South, and West directions. When an animal interrupts any laser beam, the corresponding LDR sensor detects the change in light intensity and sends a signal to the microcontroller. Based on the detected direction, the controller drives a stepper motor to rotate a turret-mounted deterrent mechanism toward the intrusion point with high accuracy. The deterrent unit is based on a calcium carbide gas cannon, which produces a loud acoustic sound to scare away animals without causing physical harm. A relay-controlled solenoid valve regulates the release of gas, ensuring controlled and safe operation. In addition to autonomous response, the system incorporates a Bluetooth communication module that sends real-time alerts, including direction and event timing, to a mobile application. This allows remote monitoring and enhances user awareness. To improve coverage and flexibility, the entire system is mounted on a mobile robotic chassis, enabling users to reposition the unit remotely as required. This mobility makes the system adaptable to different field layouts and changing environmental conditions.