IOT Based Wireless EV Charging Station Using Smart Grid Technique

The rapid proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) necessitates the development of intelligent, reliable, and sustainable charging infrastructure capable of integrating diverse energy sources while maintaining grid stability. This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based wireless EV charging station employing smart grid techniques, powered through a hybrid energy architecture comprising solar photovoltaic (PV) generation, wind energy conversion, and conventional utility supply (MSEB grid). The proposed system leverages an ESP32 microcontroller as the central control and communication unit to enable real-time monitoring, source management, and intelligent charging operations. The charging station integrates renewable energy sources with grid power through a dynamic source selection mechanism. A voltage-based prioritization algorithm continuously monitors the output levels of solar, wind, and utility inputs. The system automatically switches to the power source exhibiting the highest available voltage and sufficient capacity, thereby maximizing renewable energy utilization while ensuring uninterrupted charging. In scenarios of insufficient renewable generation, seamless transition to the utility grid maintains operational continuity. This adaptive energy management strategy enhances energy efficiency, reduces dependency on conventional grid supply, and supports smart grid interoperability.