IOT-Enabled Vehicle-to-Grid Energy Monitoring and Forecasting Using ESP32 and Cloud Integration

The demand for electric vehicles (EVs) is increasing very rapidly, and considering this of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) is also becoming more important technology. In V2G system, the car or EV’s is not just for using electrical energy from grid, but it can also give power back to the grid when demand is high or needed. To make this work better, we need to watch and study how energy is moving between the grid and the vehicles. In this project, a simple and low-cost setup is used. ESP32 board with voltage and current sensors is taking the charging and discharging readings in real time. The values are then sent to Firebase cloud so that data can be saved and checked from anywhere. A small Python dashboard is made to show the results in graphs so users can see how the system works. Also, machine learning models are suggested for guessing the future power demand and supply which can help in planning charging schedule. This framework can be considered easy to build and can be used for research and development, and small-scale demonstrations.