ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTOBACILLUS BACTERIA FROM DIFFERENT SAMPLE OF CURD

    ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTOBACILLUS BACTERIA FROM DIFFERENT SAMPLE OF CURD

Zahra Bano,1 DR HK Sidhu2 ,Seema Rani3

1.                  PG student at Desh Bhagat University Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India.

2.                  Dr HK Sidhu head of department school of paramedical sciences Desh Bhagat University Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab

3.                  Assistant Professor, Desh Bhagat University Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab

INTRODUCTION

Lactobacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic or microaerophilic, rod shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria. They are a major part of the lactic acid bacteria group (i.e. they convert sugars to lactic acid). In humans, they constitute a significant  component of the microbiota at a number of body sites, such as the digestive system,  urinary system, and genital system. In women of European ancestry, Lactobacillus species are normally a major part of the vaginal microbiota. Lactobacillus forms biofilms in the vaginal and gut microbiota, allowing them to persist during harsh environmental  conditions and maintain ample populations. Lactobacillus exhibits a mutualistic relationship with the human body as it protects the host against potential invasions by  pathogens, and in turn, the host provides a source of nutrients. Lactobacillus is the most  common probiotic found in food such as yogurt, and it is diverse in its application to  maintain human well-being as it can help treat diarrhea, vaginal infections and skin  disorders such as eczema. Many lactobacilli operate using homofermentative metabolism (they produce only lactic  acid from sugars), and some species use heterofermentative metabolism (they can  produce either alcohol or lactic acid from sugars). They are aerotolerant despite the  complete absence of a respiratory chain. This aerotolerance is manganese-dependent and  has been explored (and explained) in Lactobacillus plantarum. Many species of this  genus do not require iron for growth and have an extremely high hydrogen peroxide tolerance.