Machine Learning Techniques and Hybrid Feature Selection Methods for Efficient Prediction of Cancer

Machine Learning Techniques and Hybrid Feature Selection Methods for Efficient Prediction of Cancer

Remyamol K M1, Philip Samuel2

1Department of Information Technology, School of Engineering, CUSAT, India

E-mail: rems84@gmail.com

2Department of Computer Science, CUSAT, India.

E-mail: philipcusat@gmail.com

Abstract

The high-dimensional genomic data presents significant challenges, and traditional analytical methods often struggle to capture the complex, non-linear relationships within these datasets. This study elaborates into the application of machine learning methods for dimensionality reduction and predictive modeling of binary phenotypes using gene expression data. Various dimensionality reduction techniques are explored, including t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE), Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), Principal component analysis (PCA), and manifold learning methods. Additionally, various algorithms such as logistic regression, random forests, support vector machines (SVMs)cand naive Bayes models are evaluated for predicting phenotypes. The study employs rigorous cross-validation, permutation testing, and evaluation metrics like the Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) to assess model performance. The study rigorously assesses current genomics strategies, pinpointing their drawbacks and suggesting areas for future investigation, while delving into the potential of machine learning to overcome these hurdles and offer valuable insights in genomics.

Keywords- Gene Expression , Dimensionality Reduction, Biomarkers, Cancer Prediction, Epigenetics, Machine Learning, Feature extraction.