ML Based Solution to Refine Captcha

Traditional CAPTCHA mechanisms, though widely used for securing web portals, are increasingly criticized for poor user experience and limited accessibility. In response, the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) seeks to replace CAPTCHA with a passive alternative that can seamlessly differentiate between bots and legitimate users without explicit user intervention. This research presents a novel passive CAPTCHA solution that leverages browser-based environmental parameters and interaction behaviors. A JavaScript-based frontend captures user-specific data like mouse entropy, screen resolution, and interaction timing. A backend machine learning model, trained using Random Forest, classifies the session as either human or bot in real-time. The solution achieves 96.2% accuracy and minimal response latency (