Non-Invasive ICP Monitoring in Case of Traumatic Brain Injury by Serial Measuring Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter & Pupillometry

INTRODUCTION : Intracranial pressure (ICP) is a critical physiological parameter that reflects the pressure within the skull. Accurate monitoring of ICP is essential for managing neurological conditions such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), hydrocephalus, intracranial hemorrhage, and other disorders that may lead to increased ICP. Traditionally, ICP monitoring has relied on invasive methods, such as ventricular catheters or intra-parenchymal sensors, which, although accurate, carry risks of infection, hemorrhage, and other complications.