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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM67448
Volume:
10 |
9 |
Sep 2026
Pages:
1-5
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Mechanical and Automation Engineering
Sri Sairam Engineering College
Mechanical and Automation Engineering
Sri Sairam Engineering College
Mechanical and Automation Engineering
Sri Sairam Engineering College
Mechanical and Automation Engineering
Sri Sairam Engineering College
Mechanical and Automation Engineering
Sri Sairam Engineering College
This paper presents a numerical analysis of vehicle crashworthiness during frontal impact using LS-DYNA and finite element methods. Physical crash testing of prototypes is expensive and time-consuming; therefore, a comprehensive numerical model is developed to simulate frontal collision behaviour and evaluate occupant safety. The study investigates the friction coefficient between the vehicle and a rigid barrier, and determines the acceleration and displacement of the passenger's centre of gravity based on impact angle and restraint-system stiffness. Equations of motion for vehicle approach to a rigid wall, impact duration, and post-crash behaviour are formulated and solved using Finite Element Analysis combined with the Runge-Kutta numerical integration method. Results from the LS-DYNA simulation are compared with values obtained through a Jupyter-Julia implementation; the two sets of results agree within 0.5–1.0 percent, confirming the validity of the simplified analytical model. The work demonstrates that numerical methods can reliably predict deformation, impact forces, and post-collision kinematics, providing a cost-effective tool for early-stage vehicle safety design
KEYWORDS
A numerical model combining finite-element simulation in LS-DYNA with a reduced-order lumped-parameter model solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method has been developed for the analysis of frontal vehicle crashworthiness. Contact forces between wheels and ground were evaluated per-wheel, distinguishing between rolling and braking states. The deformation force at the barrier, although dominant during impact, does not by itself determine post-crash behaviour; ground friction and wall friction must both be retained to predict post-collision trajectory accurately. Comparison of LS-DYNA results with Julia/RK4 predictions showed agreement within 0.5–1.0%, demonstrating that the simplified model is a reliable and computationally inexpensive tool for early-stage parametric studies. The analysis workflow—CAD in CATIA, FE simulation in LS-DYNA, rapid verification in Julia—provides a practical template for integrating numerical crashworthiness assessment into vehicle design cycles. Future work will extend the model to oblique and offset impacts, incorporate a more detailed occupant-restraint model, and explore machine-learning-driven parameter calibration.
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Publication Date
9/26/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this research work.
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