Occupational Risk Factors, Clinical Outcomes, and Patient Perceptions of Metallic Corneal Foreign Body Injuries at TRIHMS, North East India

Background: Metallic corneal foreign body (FB) injuries are a common cause of ocular trauma among industrial and construction workers, often leading to significant visual morbidity if not promptly treated. Objective: To determine the prevalence, risk factors, demographic distribution, and patient perceptions related to metallic corneal foreign body injuries. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over one year in the Department of Ophthalmology, TRIHMS, India. Patients presenting with corneal FB injuries were enrolled after meeting inclusion criteria. Demographic details, occupational sector, mechanism of injury, use of protective eyewear, self-removal attempts, and knowledge of FB complications were recorded using a structured questionnaire. Clinical examination was performed using slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v15. Results: A total of 576 patients were included. The majority belonged to the 24–33 years age group (37.5%), with construction workers forming the largest occupational group (54.3%). Metal cutting (55.6%) and welding (41.7%) were the most common injury mechanisms. Most FBs were paracentral (49.1%) and central (23.3%) in location. Self-removal was frequently attempted with paper currency (39.6%) or water (30.6%). Conclusion: Metallic corneal FB injuries were most common among young male construction workers. Poor use of protective eyewear and unsafe self-removal practices were observed. Workplace education and mandatory use of protective goggles could substantially reduce preventable ocular morbidity.