Optimizing Last-Mile Delivery in E-Commerce Logistics and Supply Chain Management

The retail and logistics industries have seen a shift due to the exponential rise of e-commerce in India, which has increased demand for last-mile delivery solutions that are sustainable, economical, and efficient. This last link in the supply chain is frequently the most costly and intricate, and it has become a crucial area for innovation because it greatly increases carbon emissions and traffic in cities. As a result, logistics companies are using electric vehicles (EVs) more frequently to solve these environmental and operational issues. With an emphasis on EV integration in urban logistics, this paper examines the dynamics of last-mile delivery in the Indian e-commerce ecosystem. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study examines the economic, operational, and environmental effects of EV adoption using primary data from surveys and interviews as well as secondary data from industry papers and scholarly literature. The practical insights and results of Flipkart’s EV deployment in Bangalore are demonstrated through a case study. The results evaluate consumer attitudes toward green logistics, identify important factors that facilitate and hinder EV adoption, and offer tactical suggestions for expanding sustainable delivery methods. This study advances our knowledge of how e-commerce businesses might use innovation in last- mile logistics to balance environmental sustainability with business goals.