Optimizing Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters: A Comprehensive Review of GWO-GA Techniques

The process of turning the environment’s discarded vibrational energy into useful electrical energy is known as energy harvesting. The approach of vibration energy collecting is selected because it can be used to develop devices that are smaller and more effective. Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters (PEHs) are preferred over other forms of energy collecting devices including electrostatic, electromagnetic, and piezoelectric ones because of their versatility and adaptability. Lead zirconate titanate, or PZT-5H, is the most widely used piezoelectric material. It is selected for its power generating efficiency and versatility. The analysis indicates that more time is needed to determine the proper dimensions of the energy harvester for the planned piezoelectric devices. By applying optimisation approaches, the design factors of the piezoelectric energy harvester are optimised, contributing significantly to the system’s increased efficacy. The PEH’s design parameters are optimised through the application of optimisation techniques including Genetic Algorithm (GA), Grey Wolf Optimisation (GWO), and GWO-based GA (GWO-GA).