Performance of Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm based Photovoltaic Array and Utility Grid Interconnected System

This paper presents the modeling, control, and simulation of a 100 kWp grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power system using MATLAB/Simulink. The system employs a DC–DC boost converter integrated with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms to maximize energy extraction under varying environmental conditions. Two widely used MPPT techniques, namely Perturb and Observe (P&O) and Incremental Conductance (IncCond), are implemented and analyzed. A three-phase three-level voltage source converter (VSC) with vector control is used to interface the PV system with the utility grid, ensuring regulated DC-link voltage and unity power factor operation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy effectively tracks the maximum power point, maintains stable DC-link voltage with fast transient response, and injects high-quality sinusoidal current into the grid. The influence of irradiance and temperature on PV performance is also analyzed, confirming that PV power is directly proportional to irradiance and inversely proportional to temperature. The results validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed PV grid-integrated system for renewable energy and microgrid applications.