PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAPHENE OXIDE ADMIXED CONCRETE EXPOSED TO SEA ENVIRONMENT

This paper presents a comprehensive review of graphene-induced concrete and its performance in marine environments. With the increasing demand for durable and sustainable construction materials, graphene has emerged as a promising additive due to its exceptional mechanical, electrical, and barrier properties. In this review, we discuss the synthesis methods of graphene and its incorporation into concrete matrices. The effects of graphene on the mechanical properties, durability, and resistance to seawater corrosion of concrete are examined. Additionally, the role of graphene in improving the impermeability, chloride ion penetration resistance, and carbonation resistance of concrete in marine environments is discussed. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities for the widespread adoption of graphene-enhanced concrete in coastal and offshore structures are addressed. Overall, this review highlights the potential of graphene-induced concrete as a durable and sustainable solution for marine construction applications.