Preparation and characterisation of nitrofurantoin with sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate co crystal

A co-crystal of nitrofurantoin with sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate was successfully prepared by the solvent evaporation method and characterized by FTIR, DSC, PXRD and SEM. Spectral and thermal data confirmed hydrogen-bond-mediated interaction between the drug and the co-crystal former and the formation of a new crystalline phase distinct from the physical mixture. The co-crystal exhibited markedly improved saturation solubility and in vitro dissolution rate compared with pure nitrofurantoin, indicating that co-crystallization with sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate is a simple, cost-effective and pharmaceutically viable approach to enhance the biopharmaceutical performance of nitrofurantoin. Further in vivo and stability studies are warranted to fully establish the pharmaceutical potential of this co-crystal.

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