Prevalence and Associated Factors of Postpartum Depression Among Postnatal Mothers: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a mood disorder affecting women after childbirth, characterized by sadness, irritability, low energy, and impaired bonding with the infant. Global estimates suggest a prevalence between 10–30%, with higher rates in developing countries. If untreated, PPD negatively impacts maternal health, infant development, and family stability. Despite advances in obstetric and neonatal care, mental health screening in the postnatal period remains neglected in many health systems. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of postpartum depression and explore its associated sociodemographic and obstetric factors among postnatal mothers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 postnatal mothers in a tertiary care hospital. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Results: The prevalence of PPD was 28%. Significant risk factors included unplanned pregnancy, lack of spousal support, cesarean delivery, and financial stress. Mothers with unplanned pregnancies and poor spousal support were approximately twice as likely to experience PPD. Conclusion: Postpartum depression is a major nursing concern, highlighting the need for early screening, psychosocial support, and partner involvement in postnatal care.