Problems related to use of artificial sand during its field application

– The increasing demand for construction materials and the depletion of natural river sand have led to the widespread adoption of artificial sand as an alternative fine aggregate. Although artificial sand offers advantages such as controlled production, better availability, and environmental sustainability, its use in field applications has revealed several challenges related to workability, strength, permeability, and crack formation. These issues primarily arise due to the angular particle shape, higher fines content, and increased water absorption characteristics of artificial sand. This study investigates the performance of artificial sand in mortar applications, with particular emphasis on field-related problems such as shrinkage, reduced workability, and surface cracking. Experimental analysis was carried out using different mix proportions, and the influence of material properties such as gradation, silt content, and moisture behavior was evaluated. The results indicate that although artificial sand improves compressive strength due to enhanced interlocking, it simultaneously increases water demand and susceptibility to shrinkage-induced cracking. To address these limitations, the incorporation of Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP), specifically sodium polyacrylate, was examined as a potential solution. SAP acts as an internal curing agent by absorbing and gradually releasing water within the mortar matrix, thereby reducing moisture loss and internal stresses. The inclusion of SAP was found to improve crack resistance, enhance durability, and reduce external curing requirements. The study concludes that while artificial sand is a viable and sustainable alternative to natural sand, its performance can be significantly enhanced through the use of advanced materials such as SAP and proper control of mix design parameters. The findings provide practical insights for improving the field application of artificial sand in mortar and plastering works.