Real-Time Wildlife Detection and Monitoring on Railway Tracks in Forest and Rural Areas Using Wireless Sensor Networks

As human society continues to expand, wildlife faces increasing threats to its survival. Every living being plays a vital role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem, yet human development often comes at the expense of animal safety. One major threat to wildlife is railway tracks passing through forested and rural areas, where animals are frequently injured or killed by trains. Species such as elephants, tigers, and lions have all fallen victim to such accidents on Indian railways. To address this issue, we propose a real-time monitoring and detection system using wireless sensor networks to help protect wildlife near railway tracks. The system is designed to track animal movements and immediately alert forest authorities using technologies such as RFID, PIR sensors, and load cells. An automatic drum alarm system can be triggered to deter animals from crossing the tracks, thereby reducing the risk of accidents and preserving wildlife.