Research Paper on Connecting High-Capacity Offshore Wind Turbines to Modular Multilevel Converters for Enhanced Energy Transfer

The integration of multi-megawatt offshore wind turbines with modular multilevel converters (MMCs) provides an efficient and scalable way to deliver long-term renewable energy. Offshore wind farms, which are often located far from the shore, face problems such as different energy sources and the need for high power transmission. MMCs, known for their design, provide better performance, fault tolerance, and reduced variability, making them ideal for use in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission. This paper examines how MMCs are used to influence offshore wind turbines, convert AC to DC power, and stabilize transmission to onshore grids. The system improves power quality, has good performance, and improves error-free operation, while advanced control strategies promote stable plans and black-start capabilities. Continuous research is aimed at improving reliability, improving control methods, and lower costs, placing MMC-based HVDC as a key technology for the development of Coastal winds.