Review on Analysis and Design of Cooling Tower Using STAAD Pro. Software.

. Cooling towers are essential components of thermal power plants, serving as heat rejection devices that transfer thermal energy from hot water to atmospheric air. This study investigates the performance of counter flow induced draft cooling towers through experimental methods and two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis conducted on an industry-operating tower. The key factors affecting tower efficiency include inlet water temperature, water and air mass flow rates, and the method of exposing water to air—whether by trickling or forming thin layers for direct contact with the upward-moving air stream. During operation, the heat transfer process increases the air’s temperature and raises its relative humidity to saturation, allowing the moist air to be expelled into the atmosphere. Additional parameters such as range, tower characteristic ratio, outer region pressure, and temperature variation are also examined for their impact on performance. This research specifically aims to conduct dynamic analysis on a tall cooling tower to evaluate thermal effects on the inner layer and the influence of wind pressure on structural stability, considering temperature gradients, crack propagation, overall stability, resistivity, forces, and displacement.