Review on IoT-Based Vehicle Accident Detection and Automated Insurance Notification System

Road accident fatality statistics in India and globally remain difficult to reduce through passive infrastructure alone. Active, automated post-accident notification addresses a concrete gap: the minutes between a crash and the arrival of help. This paper reviewed five systems that attack various parts of this problem and proposed a hardware prototype that combines the practical attributes — low cost, cloud connectivity, GPS, and insurance notification — that no single reviewed system provides in one package. Bench testing showed 96.7% detection accuracy, zero false positives over a 60-minute normal-driving trial, a mean loca-tion error of 2.8 m, and a mean upload latency of 1.4 s. These figures are encouraging for a threshold-based system without any machine learning component. The known limitations — fixed threshold, GPS gaps, Wi-Fi dependency — are real but each has a well-defined engineering remedy that future work can address incrementally. Cellular fallback and a speed-adaptive threshold are the two changes most likely to improve reliability in real-world deployment.

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