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ArticlePeer ReviewedOpen AccessPlagiarism Passed
Paper ID:IJSREM61961

Review on QR Code-Based Secure Authentication Mechanisms in Online Voting Systems

Stream/Area:

-

Subject:

-

Paper ID:

IJSREM61961

Volume:

10 |

4 |

April 2026

Pages:

1-7

Publication Frequency:

Monthly (12 issues per year)

DOI
Digital Object Identifier
10.55041/IJSREM61961

License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.

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Authors

Shivani Nishad

Shivani Nishad

Department of Computer Science

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar University Raipur (C.G.)

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PC

Payal Chandrakar

Department of Computer Science

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar University Raipur (C.G.)

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Abstract

Digital technology has revolutionized elections by introducing electronic voting systems. Although voting online is quick and easy, there are security risks related to voter verification and data integrity. Online voting can be improved using QR code technology, especially when combined with cryptography and multi-factor authentication. Recent studies suggest that using QR codes and blockchain technologies might improve election transparency. This review looks into QR code-based authentication techniques, such as cryptography and biometric systems, while addressing spoofing and the need for standardization. The findings indicate that further research is required before QR code authentication can be extensively employed, despite the fact that it is scalable and reasonably expensive.

KEYWORDS

KEYWORDS QR codes digital identity blockchain cryptography online voting authentication methods and e-voting security.

Cite This Article

Shivani Nishad, Payal Chandrakar, "Review on QR Code-Based Secure Authentication Mechanisms in Online Voting Systems," International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 1-7, April 2026. https://doi.org/10.55041/IJSREM61961

Full Article/Conclusion

Online voting systems are made more secure, effective, and user-friendly by QR code-based authentication methods. This analysis looks at a number of approaches, emphasizing that QR code solutions provide scalability, cost-effectiveness, and modest security appropriate for contemporary digital voting. While combining QR codes with blockchain and multi-factor authentication increases security, it also highlights problems like device vulnerabilities and QR code spoofing. To solve these issues, more study is required. All things considered, QR code-based systems have the potential to revolutionize online voting; but, their successful deployment will require sophisticated security mechanisms, user education, and validation. Future advancements are essential for safe and reliable electoral systems.  

References

Adida, B. (2008). Helios: Voting in the web using open-audit. In 17 th USENIX Security Symposium Proceedings (pp. 335–348). Benaloh, J., Byrne, M., Kortum, P., McBurnett, N., Pereira, O., Rivest, R. L., Sherman, A. T., & Teague, V. (2014). End-to-end verifiability. IEEE Security & Privacy, 12(4), 40–46. Chaum, D. (2005). Secret-ballot receipts: Proper voter-verifiable elections. IEEE Security & Privacy, 2(1), 38–47. Cortier, V., & Smyth, B. (2011). An analysis of ballot secrecy: Attacking and fixing Helios. Journal of Computer Security, 19(1), 89–148. Hossain, M. S., Muhammad, G., andAlamri, A. (2019). QR code and biometrics Smart authentication system. IEEE Access, 7, 123–135. Joaquim, R., Ribeiro, C., & Ferreira, P. (2013). Enhancing remote voting and security with code voting. Computers & Security, 37, 1–10. Krimmer, R. (2020). Electronic voting: Advantages and obstacles. International Journal of Electronic Governance, 12 (2), 101-120. Kulyk, O., Teague, V. and Volkamer, M. (2018). Electronic voting systems security and usability. ACM Computing Surveys, 50(4), 1–40. Kumar, S., Gupta, R., & Singh, A. (2021). Secure authentication system of online applications based on QR codes. International Journal of Computer Applications, 174(5), 20-26. Neumann, S., and Volkamer, M. (2016). Civitas and Helios: A comparison. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Vol. 10076, pp. Electronic Voting (E-Vote-ID 2016). 15–30). Springer. Park, J., Lee, S., & Kim, H. (2020). Multi-factor verification of secure QR code authentication system. IEEE Access, 8, 56789–56800. Ryan, P. Y. A., Bismark, D., Heather, J., Schneider, S., & Xia, Z. (2009). Prêt a voter: A voter verifiable voting system. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 4(4), 662673. Sharma, V., Singh, P., & Kumar, R. (2021). Secure e-voting system based on blockchain. Journal of Information Security and Applications, 58, 102-110. Singh, P., & Sharma, K. (2020). Secure transactions done via QR codes. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 9(6), 112118. Yavuz, A. A., Koc, A. K., &Ozmen, M. (2018). A move towards safe e-voting with blockchain technology. In IEEE Conference on Communications and Network Security (pp. 1–5). Zhang, Y., Xue, R., & Liu, L. (2019). Electronic voting system based on blockchain with enhanced security. Future Generation Computer Systems, 93, 1-12.

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Publication Date

4/30/2026

Peer Review Type

Double-Blind Peer Review

Review Rounds: 2

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