Review on the Effect of Aloe Vera and Neem Extracts on the Strength and Durability of Eco-Friendly Concrete

Aloe-vera and neem extracts can be effectively used as natural, eco-friendly bio-admixtures in concrete. The incorporation of these plant-based materials offers multiple benefits in terms of workability, strength development, and durability characteristics while reducing dependence on chemical admixtures. A notable improvement in workability due to the water-retention and plasticizing properties of aloe-vera gel and neem derivatives. At optimum dosages, both materials contribute to enhanced hydration, improved particle bonding, and better compaction of concrete. The compressive, tensile, and flexural strength of concrete generally increase at optimal replacement levels, while excessive dosages may lead to marginal strength reduction. It is observed that the early-age strength development may be relatively moderate, particularly in mixes incorporating higher proportions of natural extracts, owing to delayed hydration and ongoing biochemical interactions. However, the long-term strength beyond 28 days shows significant improvement, indicating the positive influence of sustained pozzolanic and hydration processes. Improved durability performance of concrete containing Aloe-vera and neem extracts, including reduced water absorption, enhanced resistance to chemical attack, corrosion mitigation, and improved performance under aggressive environments such as saline exposure. The combined use of aloe-vera and neem demonstrates a synergistic effect, resulting in denser microstructure and superior long-term performance compared to individual usage. Overall, aloe-vera and neem extracts present a sustainable and cost-effective alternative for developing eco-friendly concrete, contributing significantly to green construction practices.

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