Review with ideation: Design and Development of a Shoe Sole-Integrated Ultrasonic Dog Repeller for Enhanced Personal Safety

Stray and aggressive dogs pose significant safety concerns for pedestrians, joggers, and cyclists, particularly in urban and semi-urban areas. Conventional deterrent tools, such as handheld sprays or whistles, require manual operation and may not be accessible during critical moments. This research presents the development of an innovative, hands-free ultrasonic dog repeller seamlessly integrated into the sole of a shoe. The system utilizes pressure-activated ultrasonic emission technology to generate frequencies between 20–25 kHz, inaudible to humans but unpleasant for canines, thereby deterring aggressive behavior. This study outlines the design, functional mechanisms, component selection, testing methodologies, and results, highlighting the effectiveness, safety, and user-friendliness of the device. The findings suggest significant potential for widespread adoption in personal safety products, particularly for outdoor enthusiasts and vulnerable populations.