REVITALIZATION DUE TO UNPLANNED URBAN DEVELOPMENT

The environment of modern cities is constantly subjected to a variety of conflicts, with issues arising from infrastructural and architectural clashes. The city’s morphology plays a crucial role in identifying problematic areas that are hard to avoid. The continuous migration of individuals from rural to urban areas leads to erratic and poorly planned urbanization, further exacerbating environmental degradation. Notably, surveys highlight a range of critical challenges faced by urban centres, including inadequate solid waste management, insufficiencies in public water supply, traffic congestion, waterlogging, air pollution, noise pollution, and deforestation through hill cutting. The demand for land in and around cities continues to surge, fuelling urban sprawl and contributing to the expansion of urban built-up areas globally. Projections suggest an addition of 1.2 million square kilometres of new urban developments over the next thirty years. The rapid pace of urban growth necessitates an increase in floor space. Strategies for creating additional space within cities encompass both vertical and horizontal expansion. Vertical expansion involves constructing upwards or infilling the gaps between buildings, while horizontal expansion entails outward growth. However, the latter often results in sprawling developments encroaching on undeveloped lands, causing a concerning trend where urban land consumption outstrips population growth by 50 percent. Consequently, cities experience a decrease in population density as they expand, presenting further challenges for sustainable urban development.