Role Of Comparative Feasibility and Estimation of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems: A Case Study of Photovoltaic and Wind Energy Integration in Ranchi-Jharkhand and Kochi- Kerla to Determine the Most Efficient Configurations for Each Location, Which Could Maximize Energy Output and Minimize Costs.

The transition to sustainable energy has accelerated the development of hybrid renewable energy systems(HRES), which combine multiple energy sources like photovoltaic (PV) solar panels and wind turbines. These systems offer a stable energy supply by utilizing the complementary nature of solar and wind resources. This study explores the feasibility, estimation, and optimization of a hybrid PV-wind energy system in two distinct Indian cities—Ranchi, Jharkhand, and Kochi, Kerala—each with unique climatic conditions that significantly influence the performance of renewable energy systems. Ranchi’s tropicalwet and dry climate, with moderate rainfall and temperature variations, contrasts with Kochi’s tropical monsoon climate, characterized by high humidity and significant rainfall. These climatic differences impact the availability and efficiency of solar and wind energy, making Ranchi and Kochi ideal casestudies for a comparative analysis of HRES feasibility. The study estimates energy potential by analysing solar irradiance and wind speed data, and optimizes system configurations using algorithms like genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization. The results reveal that both cities achieve a similar ideal efficiency of 85%, but Kochi outperforms Ranchi in total energy production, generating 389,089.7 watt-hours (Wh) compared to Ranchi’s 317,054.6 Wh. This difference underscores the importance of location-specific analysis when deploying HRES, as Kochi’s more favourable climatic conditions, particularly higher solar irradiance and consistent wind patterns, contribute to its higher energy output. This research provides valuable insights into the scalability and adaptability of hybrid renewable energy systems in diverse environments, highlighting the potential for tailored sustainable energy solutions. The findings emphasize the need for strategic planning to achieve energy security and environmental sustainability in India, particularly in regions with strong renewable energy resources.