SecureMind: A Multi-Layer Cybersecurity Framework for Future Brain–Computer Interfaces

Brain–Computer Interface technology has the potential to transform human–computer interaction by enabling direct communication between the human brain and digital systems. However, the protection of brain-related information and secure communication is an important challenge for future BCI environments. This paper presented SecureMind, a conceptual multi-layer cybersecurity framework designed to organize protection mechanisms for future BCI systems. The framework integrates Multi-Factor Authentication, Secure Communication, AI-Based Threat Detection, Privacy Protection, and Emergency Isolation within a unified architecture. The proposed workflow coordinates these layers from user authentication through secure communication and monitoring to emergency response. SecureMind is currently conceptual and does not claim experimentally demonstrated performance. Its main contribution at this stage is the integration of the identified security functions into a single BCI-oriented architecture. Future simulation and practical experimentation are required to quantify its effectiveness, overhead, and suitability for real BCI applications.

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