SEISMIC EVALUATION OF MASONRY-INFILLED BUILDINGS WITH OPEN GROUND STOREY AND REFUGE FLOOR

Masonry infill walls increase the stiffness and strength of RC frames, leading to lower natural periods and better seismic performance. Structures with open ground storeys are vulnerable to soft-storey effects, resulting in higher inter-storey drifts and increased risk of collapse during earthquakes. L-shaped buildings show torsional irregularities, causing uneven seismic force distribution and higher structural vulnerability. Box-shaped (regular plan) buildings exhibit a more uniform seismic response with minimal torsional effects, resulting in improved overall performance under earthquake loading. Structures in higher seismic zones, such as Zone V, are subjected to higher seismic forces and require stronger design measures, including proper use of masonry infill and suitable structural configurations, to ensure safety and performance.

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