Smart Ambulance with Traffic Control: An IoT-Based System for Real-Time Emergency Vehicle Prioritization and Patient Monitoring

The proposed Smart Ambulance with Traffic Control system demonstrates that low-cost RF communication, combined with IoT-based patient monitoring and automated hospital messaging, can meaningfully reduce ambulance transit time and improve hospital preparedness. The prototype achieved up to 50% reduction in travel time, sub-5-second hospital acknowledgment, and near-real-time vitals streaming, validating the approach for smart-city emergency medical infrastructure. Future work will focus on: (i) direct integration with Hospital Management Systems for automated bed-status updates; (ii) AI/ML-based adaptive traffic-signal optimization across multiple simultaneous emergency vehicles; (iii) redundant connectivity via LoRaWAN or 5G for low-coverage areas; (iv) additional sensing (ECG, glucose, respiratory rate) with anomaly-detection alerts; (v) a dedicated mobile application for ambulance and hospital staff; and (vi) extension to other emergency services such as fire and police vehicles within a unified smart-city dispatch framework.

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