Smart Battery Monitoring System for EV Two Wheelers

BACKGROUND: The increased popularity of electric two-wheelers has underscored the need for robust solutions to monitor and manage battery performance, as battery failures can affect vehicle reliability and safety. Proactive monitoring using technology-driven approaches is essential to extend battery lifespan and ensure operational efficiency, especially in settings with varied usage patterns and environmental conditions. AIM: This study evaluates the utility and performance impact of implementing a smart battery monitoring system (SBMS) tailored for electric two-wheelers, with a focus on real time data collection, early warning of battery issues, and optimized maintenance scheduling. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over a five-year period (2020–2024), 1200 electric two wheelers were retrofitted with an IoT-based SBMS at selected sites in Punjab. The system continuously tracked critical battery parameters—such as voltage, temperature, state of charge, and state of health—through wireless sensors. Collected data were processed and analyzed to assess the frequency and cause of alerts, maintenance interventions, and any reduction in unplanned breakdowns. RESULT: The SBMS facilitated the early detection of deteriorating battery health and potential safety risks, resulting in a 30% decrease in unexpected vehicle breakdowns. Actionable alerts regarding battery status were identified in 18.5% of vehicles. Analysis of user engagement indicated a higher frequency of system usage among male riders, with younger users (below 30 years) receiving more technical alerts. The system recorded increased alerts during warmer months, emphasizing the importance of thermal management in battery safety.