Smart Checkout System Using RFID and Blockchain Technology

In retail environments, long checkout queues and manual billing reduce customer satisfaction and operational efficiency. Traditional barcode-based systems require human involvement and centralized databases, which increase processing time and security risks. This paper presents a blockchain-based self-checkout system using RFID technology to automate the billing process. Each product is equipped with an RFID tag that enables contactless and fast identification. An RFID reader detects products automatically and sends data to the processing unit. Product and transaction details are stored on a blockchain network instead of a centralized database. Blockchain ensures data integrity, transparency, and resistance to tampering. Smart contracts manage billing operations and validate transactions securely. The total bill is generated in real time without manual scanning. The system significantly reduces checkout time and human errors. It also improves trust between customers and retailers. The proposed solution is suitable for smart retail environments. This system supports secure, efficient, and scalable retail automation.