Smart Emergency Corridor Creation using IoT-Based Traffic Control

This paper presented a Smart Emergency Corridor Cre- ation System that integrates GPS-based ambulance tracking, LoRa wireless communication, and automated traffic signal control to reduce emergency vehicle delays at urban intersec- tions. The system utilizes a Neo-6M GPS module, SX1278 LoRa transceivers, and ESP32 microcontrollers to track am- bulance location in real time and coordinate signal switching across multiple traffic junctions simultaneously. The implementation demonstrated reliable GPS acquisi- tion and LoRa-based communication between the ambulance unit and junction controllers, with consistent proximity detec- tion and accurate automated signal switching upon ambulance approach. The integration of Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm enabled optimal route computation directly on the embedded ESP32 platform, while the role-based mobile application pro- vided real-time visibility to the ambulance driver, traffic ad- ministrator, and hospital personnel throughout the emergency response operation. The proposed system successfully created a continuous multi-junction green corridor for the ambulance, eliminating the need for manual intervention or siren-based road clearing in test scenarios. The distributed IoT architecture, combin- ing low-power LoRa communication with ESP32-based sig- nal control, demonstrated feasibility for real-world deploy- ment within smart city infrastructure. The results confirm that the proposed approach contributes meaningfully to improv- ing emergency response efficiency, reducing ambulance travel time, and enhancing urban traffic management.

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