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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM67776
Volume:
10 |
10 |
Oct 2026
Pages:
1-3
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Electronics
Siddhant College of Engineering, Sudhambare
Electronics
Siddhant College of Engineering, Sudhambare
Electronics
Siddhant College of Engineering, Sudhambare
Electronics
Siddhant College of Engineering, Sudhambare
This paper presents the design and validation framework of a low-voltage multimodal electric-vehicle charging demonstrator. The system accepts energy from a photovoltaic panel, a regulated 12 V direct-current adaptor representing grid supply, and a direct-current motor operated as a generator to emulate regenerative braking. Protected source paths feed a mutually exclusive selector and a battery-compatible charge-control stage. An ESP32 acquires voltage, current, temperature, and generator-speed signals; evaluates source availability; enforces break-before-make transitions; and calculates power and accumulated energy. A desktop dashboard exchanges framed commands and telemetry through USB serial communication and displays requested and actual operating modes, trends, alarms, and session energy. The proposed validation method separates source characterization, sensor calibration, transition tests, protection tests, and communication-failure tests. The design provides a traceable educational platform for comparing renewable, grid, and recovered-energy modes while explicitly excluding direct connection to traction batteries or mains circuits without certified isolation, a battery management system, and automotive-grade protection.
KEYWORDS
A multimodal EV charging demonstrator can make the interaction of renewable, grid-derived, and recovered braking energy observable within one low-voltage platform. The proposed architecture separates the three inputs, uses the ESP32 for calibrated supervision and interlocking, and assigns the PC dashboard to visualization, requests, and logging. This division preserves a local safe state even when communication is absent. The principal contribution is a traceable design and validation framework rather than an unsupported efficiency claim. Source characterization, sensor calibration, break-before-make tests, feedback confirmation, fault injection, and timestamped logging establish the evidence needed for later performance evaluation. Future work should add MPPT, synchronous regenerative conversion, battery state estimation, CAN communication, and hardware-in-the-loop testing before any higher-voltage development.
[1] U.S. Department of Energy, Alternative Fuels Data Center, 'How Do All-Electric Cars Work?' 2026. [2] M. Ehsani, Y. Gao, S. Longo, and K. Ebrahimi, Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles, 3rd ed., CRC Press, 2018. [3] Texas Instruments, 'Choosing the Correct Solar Battery Charger for Your Solar Application,' application report, 2023. [4] Espressif Systems, 'ESP-IDF Programming Guide: ADC Calibration Driver,' 2026. [5] IEC 61851-1, Electric Vehicle Conductive Charging System - Part 1: General Requirements. [6] ISO 6469 series, Electrically Propelled Road Vehicles - Safety Specifications. [7] Texas Instruments, BQ25798 I2C Controlled Buck-Boost Charger Technical Documentation, 2024. [8] Python Software Foundation, Python 3 Documentation, 2026. [9] pySerial Project, pySerial API Documentation, 2026. [10] Espressif Systems, ESP32 Series Datasheet, 2026.
Publication Date
10/13/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this research work.
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