Strategic Enablers of Digital Twin Readiness: An Empirical Study of Adoption Determinants in Engineering and Infrastructure Projects

Digital twin (DT) technologies are rapidly emerging as transformative tools in engineering and infrastructure project management. Despite their potential to improve predictive capabilities, streamline workflows, and enhance lifecycle optimization, adoption remains limited, especially in engineering-intensive environments. This research investigates strategic enablers determining digital twin readiness. Drawing upon Technology–Organization–Environment theory and digital maturity models, the study proposes the Digital Twin Readiness Enablers Model (DTREM). A structured survey of 201 engineering professionals reveals five dominant determinants: technological infrastructure, data governance maturity, human competency readiness, process adaptability, and strategic leadership commitment. Findings contribute to digital transformation scholarship and offer actionable insights for practitioners and policymakers.