Study and Assessment of Fire Resistance Enhancement in Concrete Using Additive Material: Review Paper

This comprehensive review integrates recent evolution in the development of fire-resistant concrete and mortar materials, focussing the addition of inventive additives, fibers, and geopolymer technologies. The studies focuses the advanced fire resistance, mechanical performance, and durability of geopolymer concrete (GPC) in comparison to traditional Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), with GPC revealing little cracking, spalling and better residual strength at higher temperatures. The integration of silica-fume, metakaolin, fly-ash and polypropylene fibers remarkably increases thermal insulation, decrease spalling, and enhance overall structural strength when exposed to fire . Hybrid systems integrating carbon nanotubes and polypropylene fibers indicate synergetic benefits adjusting fire safety with post fire structural stability. Furthermore advanced composite panels containing basalt fiber reinforced geopolymers and geopolymer coatings shows lightweight, high-temperature resistant solutions suitable for fireproofing and tunnel protection. The review emphasize the importance of performance-based, risk-informed design strategies, using advanced fire modelling and material innovations to enhance safety, sustainability, and resilience in fire prone structures. Overall, the addition of fibers, geopolymers, and composite materials shows a promising pathway toward safer, more durable, and environmentally sustainable fire-resistant construction materials.