Study of the morphological and histological studies of finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) using sugar mill effluent

Study of the morphological and histological studies of finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) using sugar mill effluent

¹S. Pravina Mary*, ²M. Marshal Arunkumar

¹Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College of Arts and Science (Autonomous) Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, India.

²Department of Science and Humanities, St.Anne’s college of engineering and technology, Panruti, Tamil Nadu, India.

Abstract

Environmental pollution poses a great health hazard to living and non living substances.  Industrial effluents, containing organic and inorganic compounds have strong influence on the development of growth of crop plants. A comparative study utilization of the sugar mill effluent on morphological and anatomical studies of the leaves and stems of Eleusine coracana was undertaken. The finger millet seeds were sown in soil-filled pots. Finger millet seedlings were irrigated with different sugar mill effluent concentrations control, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100. Although high concentrations of sugar mill effluent decreased the growth, the low concentration (10%) of SME was very effective in increasing the growth of finger millet cultivars when compared with control. The T.S. of the root and leaf of Eleusine control plants at 90 DAS indicated uniseriate, thin walled epidermis. When the roots and leaf treatment control, 10 and 100 per cent of sugar mill effluent were considered, it was seen that the cortex area accumulated in some heavy hazards in 100% of sugar mill effluent. Industrial wastewater causes accumulation of heavy metals that are toxic in plants and thus affect the plant growth, seed germination, lower crop yield and human health. The adequate dilution of effluents treatment is therefore needed before the disposal and reuse of wastewaters for irrigation purposes. The anatomical studies showed that the lower, upper epidermis, cortex and the diameter of vascular bundles of root and leaves of finger millet reduced at the 100 per cent of effluent concentration, when compared to 10 per cent of effluent concentration. All the above mentioned parameters increased at lower (10%) concentration of the sugar mill effluent.

Keywords: Pollution, sugar mill effluent, Seed germination, anatomical studies.