Loading article...
Loading article...
Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM64218
Volume:
10 |
5 |
May 2026
Pages:
1-15
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Department of Civil Engineering
Sasi Institute of Technology & Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Sasi Institute of Technology & Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Sasi Institute of Technology & Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Sasi Institute of Technology & Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Sasi Institute of Technology & Engineering
Retaining walls are vital civil engineering structures that stabilize soil, prevent erosion, and maintain grade changes. Reinforced earth (RE) walls are particularly effective because they combine compacted backfill with reinforcing elements, thereby enhancing structural integrity and load bearing capacity. Numerical modeling software such as PLAXIS 2D is indispensable for analyzing their behavior and optimizing design. This study investigates the influence of sustainable backfill materials on RE walls, focusing on horizontal displacement of the facing, tensile forces in geogrid reinforcements, and factor of safety versus total displacement. Sand was used as a conventional backfill, while copper slag and construction demolition waste (CDW) were examined as sustainable alternatives. Results revealed significant variations in wall performance depending on the backfill type, with implications for both stability and sustainability. The findings contribute to advancing sustainable construction practices and inform engineers and policymakers in infrastructure development.
KEYWORDS
This study provided an insight into the potential of two sustainable materials for backfill. Ø The performance of copper slag and CDW was compared with that of the conventional material (sand) backfill application. To investigate the suitability of the materials, a finite- element analysis was carried out on MSE wall with plaxis-2D. Ø The model RE wall and analysis will help in understanding failures before construction is taken up. The contribution of reinforcement in improving stability is significant. There is an improvement of 1.60 to 2.60 in factor of safety with reinforcement. Ø The factor of safety of the RE wall found out using PLAXIS and generally the required factor of safety ranges between 1.3-1.5.
Arulrajah, A., Horpibulsuk, S., Maghoolpilehrood, F., Samingthong, W., Du, Y. J., & Shen, S. L. (2015). Evaluation of interface shear strength properties of geogrid reinforced foamed recycled glass using a large-scale direct shear testing apparatus. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/235424 Baig, A. A., & Kumar Tiwary, A. (2019). Behavior & Stability Analysis of Geogrid Reinforced Earthwall: A Case Study in Vizianagaram (A.P). International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 10(4). Bathurst, R. J., & Hatami, K. (2001). Review of numerical modeling of geosynthetic reinforced soil walls. 10th International Conference of the International Associatino for Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics. Bozorgzadeh, A. (2007). Effect of Backfill on Stiffness and Capacity of Bridge Abutments. Ph.D. Thesis, Dept. of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California. Fleury, M. P., Kamakura, G. K., Pitombo, C. S., Cunha, A. L. B. N., & Lins da Silva, J. (2023). Prediction of non-woven geotextiles’ reduction factors for damage caused by the drop of backfill materials. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 51(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2023.05.004 Franco, Y. B., Utili, S., & Da Silva, J. L. (2022). Design of reinforced cohesive soil walls accounting for wall facing contribution to stability. Geotechnique, 73(8). https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.21.00119 Garcia, M., Pando, M. A., & Tempest, B. (2012). Tire derived aggregates as a sustainable recycled material for retaining wall backfills. ICSDC 2011: Integrating Sustainability Practices in the Construction Industry - Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Design and Construction 2011. https://doi.org/10.1061/41204(426)67 Khairutdinov, A., Ubysz, A., & Adigamov, A. (2021). The concept of geotechnology with a backfill is the path of integrated development of the subsoil. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 684(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755- 1315/684/1/012007
Publication Date
5/28/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
Documents
Article Views
0
Total views since publication
PDF Downloads
5
Total downloads since publication
Geographic Reach
5
Digital Preservation: This article is permanently archived on Zenodo and complies with all data preservation standards across major indexing platforms.
Plagiarism Screening
This manuscript has been checked for plagiarism using TurnitinPlagiarismChecker software.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this research work.
Funding Information
No funding information available for this research.
Related research in the same subject area
Loading similar articles...