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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM66237
Volume:
10 |
7 |
Jul 2026
Pages:
1-10
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Civil Engineering
SORT, P.U., BHOPAL (M.P.)
Civil Engineering
SORT, P.U., BHOPAL (M.P.)
Civil Engineering
SORT, P.U., BHOPAL (M.P.)
Bridges are essential components of transportation infrastructure, providing safe and uninterrupted connectivity across rivers and other natural obstacles. However, bridges located downstream of dams are frequently exposed to high flood velocities, severe hydraulic forces, and foundation scour, which may adversely affect their structural performance and long-term serviceability. Therefore, a detailed investigation of bridge failures is necessary to understand the governing causes and to develop effective rehabilitation strategies. This study investigates the causes of distress in Bridge SEY02-03 across the Wainganga River, located downstream of Bhimgad Dam in Seoni District, Madhya Pradesh. The research adopts an integrated approach by combining hydraulic analysis, geotechnical investigation, structural assessment, and remedial design to evaluate the overall performance of the existing bridge and to recommend suitable rehabilitation measures. Hydraulic analysis was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of IRC: SP:13 and IRC:78, considering design flood discharge, flow characteristics, afflux, and scour depth. The results indicate that hydraulic scour around the bridge foundation is the principal factor affecting structural stability under extreme flood conditions. Geotechnical investigations based on available borehole and soil investigation reports confirmed the suitability of deep pile foundations while emphasizing the importance of adequate embedment and effective scour protection. The structural behaviour of the bridge was evaluated using a three-dimensional analytical model developed in STAAD.Pro V8i under the loading combinations specified in the relevant IRC and IS codes. The analysis identified deficiencies in the existing structure and provided the basis for developing an integrated rehabilitation scheme comprising foundation improvement, scour protection, strengthening of distressed structural components, bearing rehabilitation, and durability enhancement. The study demonstrates that combining hydraulic, geotechnical, and structural investigations provides a reliable framework for assessing bridge performance and selecting appropriate rehabilitation measures. The proposed methodology can be effectively applied to similar bridges located in flood-prone river systems and downstream dam environments, thereby contributing to improved structural safety, durability, and sustainable bridge management.
KEYWORDS
The major conclusions drawn from the present investigation are as follows: 1. The distress of Bridge SEY02-03 resulted from the combined effects of hydraulic, structural, geotechnical, and material deterioration rather than a single failure mechanism. 2. Hydraulic scour was identified as the primary cause of foundation instability. The analysis confirmed that the existing foundation was vulnerable during severe flood conditions because of inadequate embedment below the design scour level. 3. Sediment-deficient releases from the upstream Bhimgad Dam increased riverbed degradation and further intensified the scour around the bridge foundation. 4. STAAD.Pro V8i analysis showed that the existing bridge does not satisfy the present loading requirements of IRC:6–2017, indicating inadequate structural capacity under current traffic loading. 5. Material investigation revealed deterioration of concrete and reinforcement due to ageing, carbonation and corrosion, reducing the durability and residual strength of the bridge. 6. The proposed rehabilitation measures, including foundation strengthening, scour protection, pier jacketing and bearing replacement, significantly improve the structural safety and serviceability of the bridge. 7. The analytical verification confirmed that the rehabilitated bridge satisfies the requirements of IRC:6–2017, IRC:78–2014, IS:2911, IS:456, and IS:1893 (Part 3). 8. The study concludes that rehabilitation is a technically feasible and economically preferable alternative to complete bridge reconstruction.
1. Abdulaziz, A., Hayder, K. and Mohammed, A. A. (2015) 'EVALUATION OF BRIDGE DAMAGE DUE TO HYDRAULIC SCOUR AT RIVER BRIDGES IN IRAQ', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, 6(7), pp. 15–25. 2. ACI Committee 440 (2017) 'GUIDE FOR THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF EXTERNALLY BONDED FRP SYSTEMS FOR STRENGTHENING CONCRETE STRUCTURES (ACI 440.2R-17)', American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA. 3. Arora, V. K. and Kumar, R. (2020) 'STRUCTURAL RETROFITTING OF FLOOD-DAMAGED BRIDGES USING STAAD-PRO V8I: A CASE STUDY FROM WESTERN RAJASTHAN', JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING (SERC), 47(3), pp. 215–226. 4. Ashida, K. and Bayazit, M. (1973) 'INITIATION OF MOTION AND ROUGHNESS OF FLOWS IN STEEP CHANNELS', PROCEEDINGS OF THE 15TH IAHR CONGRESS, Istanbul, Turkey. 5. ASTM International (2015) 'STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR CORROSION POTENTIALS OF UNCOATED REINFORCING STEEL IN CONCRETE (ASTM C876-15)', ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA. 6. ASTM International (2012) 'STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR PULL-OFF ADHESION STRENGTH OF COATINGS ON CONCRETE USING A PORTABLE PULL-OFF ADHESION TESTER (ASTM D7234-12)', ASTM International. 7. Bateni, S. M., Borghei, S. M. and Jeng, D. S. (2007) 'NEURAL NETWORK AND NEURO-FUZZY ASSESSMENTS FOR SCOUR DEPTH AROUND BRIDGE PIERS', ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, 20(3), pp. 401–414. 8. Bentley Systems Inc. (2019) 'STAAD.PRO V8I SELECT SERIES 6 – TECHNICAL REFERENCE MANUAL', Bentley Systems Inc., Exton, Pennsylvania, USA. 9. Bureau of Indian Standards (1981) 'IS 2131: METHOD FOR STANDARD PENETRATION TEST FOR SOILS (SECOND REVISION)', Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi. 10. Bureau of Indian Standards (1985) 'IS 8237: CODE OF PRACTICE FOR PROTECTION OF SLOPES FOR RESERVOIR EMBANKMENTS', Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.
Publication Date
7/20/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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