Sustainable Concrete Using Recycled Solar Panel Glass Powder (GP) and Granite Powder (GRP) as Supplementary Materials.

India’s rapid expansion of solar energy as a renewable power source raises concerns about the environmental impact of end-of-life (EOL) solar panels. As the country advances toward its renewable energy goals, millions of solar panels are expected to reach their operational lifespan of 25–30 years in the coming decades, resulting in substantial amounts of solar panel waste. This study forecasts the volume of solar panel waste in India and evaluates its potential environmental impact. Key factors influencing waste generation include the growing solar capacity, technological advancements, and panel lifespans. The study highlights the risks associated with improper disposal, including soil and water contamination from hazardous materials such as cadmium and lead. It also discusses the potential for resource recovery through recycling, focusing on materials like silicon and silver. However, India faces challenges in establishing efficient recycling infrastructure and technologies. To mitigate these environmental risks, the paper recommends policy interventions, such as extended producer responsibility (EPR) and public-private partnerships, to develop recycling systems. Investment in recycling technologies and regulatory frameworks will be crucial for managing the increasing volume of solar panel waste and ensuring that India’s transition to renewable energy remains sustainable in the long term.