Synthesis of Pectin from Waste Lemon Peels

Citrus peels contain cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin (galacturonic acid), chlorophyll pigments and other low-molecular weight compounds. Lemon peels contains 25-30 % of pectin on dry basis. Both fruit peels have germicidal, antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties and thus may be effective against breast and colon cancers, skin inflammation, muscle pain, stomach upset and ringworm. Extraction of pectin from citrus fruit peels like Orange peels, sweet orange and lemon gives higher yield of pectin. % Yield and rate of extraction for pectin from lemon peels depends on parameters such as pH, temperature, solvent, time of extraction. Extraction carried out at pH 1.5, 2 and 2.5 at 60 min with 60,70 & 80 OC temperature. The higher yield of pectin at pH value 1.5 and contact time 60 min. The yield of pectin at various pH with HCL with extraction time 60 min and temperature 80 OC. Extraction carried out at pH 1.5, 2 & 2.5 at 60 min with 80 OC temperature. Experimental analysis shows higher yield of pectin extraction time 60 min and 1.5 pH. At optimum value of all parameters the % yield 28, 25 and 22 for pH 1.5, 2 and 2.5 resp. by using HCL and Acetic acid as an extraction solvent resp. By experimental analysis using the yield of pectin at various pH with HCL with extraction time 60 min and temperature 80 OC. Extraction carried out at pH 1.5, 2 & 2.5 at 60 min with 80 OC temperature. Experimental analysis shows higher yield of pectin extraction time 60 min and 1.5 pH. At optimum value of all parameters the % yield of pectin 28 % by HCL.