Thermal and Infrared Biosensors for Biological Signal Detection

Thermal and infrared signature sensors range over a number of complementary technologies. Continuous local sensor (wearable temperature sensor) is used to improve biochemical-sensor calibration and provide continuous information in real time. Infrared thermography provides fast spatial heat maps of physiological heat. Calorimetric and photothermal biosensors will change biochemical reactions into temperature changes, and nanophotonic mid-infrared sensors will measure molecular composition and structure by vibrational fingerprinting. They both have the advantage of enabling the generation of label-free or minimally invasive data, although they are susceptible to heat transfer, environmental variability, spectral interference, and non-specific relationships with biology. The most powerful systems will involve standardized acquisition, selective recognition chemistry, various sensing modalities and clinically appropriate interpretation. Contextual patterns of thermal and infrared signatures can hence form potent part of accuracy monitoring and diagnostics when they are considered as pattern and not an individual temperature reading.

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